Movements of Ocean Waters
The rise and fall of seawater because of the gravitational forces of the Sun and the Moon are called tides. Sea waves produced by tides are known as tidal waves.
Geography
Folding and Faulting
Orogenic Processes includes mountain building through severe folding and faulting. In folding, because the compressional forces act from two opposite sides towards the centre
Rocks
Rocks play an important role in the formation of soil. Soil is formed because of weathering and decomposition of rocks. Rocks also contain many minerals.
Earthquakes
Earthquakes may occur when disturbances are produced by the deposition of sediments by rivers and glaciers on the ocean floor.
Our World – The Solar System
A large cluster or collection of stars held together by gravitational force along with gases and dust is known as a galaxy.
The Atmosphere
The blanket of air which surrounds the Earth is known as the atmosphere. It exists in several layers. The atmosphere is made of many gases and solid particles.
Precipitation
The water cycle includes the process of evaporation, condensation and precipitation. The heat of the Sun evaporates the water resulting in the formation of water vapour.
Weathering
Weathering is the gradual wearing and tearing of rocks on the surface of the Earth. The main agents of weathering are temperature, humidity and precipitation.
Volcanoes
A volcano is a vent or an opening in the Earth’s crust from which hot magma erupts from the interior of the Earth. Volcanoes are generally caused because of the following reasons:
Landforms of the Earth
The surface of the earth is not the same everywhere. The earth has an infinite variety of landforms. Some parts of the lithosphere may be rugged and some flat.