ICSE Quality Study Materials | Civics Notes Class 9
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Our Constitution
The Constitution is a comprehensive document which contains the set of rules according to which a country is governed. It defines powers and regulations for all the three organs of the government—the executive, the legislature and the judiciary. Read more
Salient Features of the Constitution
The Indian Constitution is considered one of the lengthiest Constitutions in the world. Originally, the Constitution had 395 Articles and 8 Schedules. Read more
Constitution – Directive Principles of State Policy
Directive principles are guidelines to be followed by the government in the governance of the country. They are included in Part IV of the Constitution under Articles 36–51. These principles include ideas, deep human thought, belief and knowledge. Read more
Constitution -Fundamental Rights and Duties
The independence of many Asian and African nations did not result in the establishment of democracy and liberal institutions in all countries. The United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights on 10th December 1948 which stressed on providing basic rights to humans. Read more
Elections
Democracy is considered the best form of government. In a democracy, people have the right to choose their own representatives. An election is a procedure through which people elect their own representatives to form and run the government. In democracies, elections are contested on party lines. Read more
Political Parties
A political party can be termed an organized group of like-minded people who hold similar views on political issues of the country. Political parties should work to promote and safeguard national interests. Read more
Local Self-Government -Rural
Local self-government refers to the management of local affairs by local bodies which are elected by the local people. In villages, the local institution which manages the affairs of the village is known as Panchayat, while in towns and cities, it is known as Municipal Corporation and Municipality. Read more
Local Self-Government -urban
Urban Local Self Government-While the administration of a village is looked after by the Panchayat, the administration of the city is looked after by the Municipal Council or Municipal Corporation. The 74th Amendment to the Constitution was passed in 1992 to make urban local bodies more effective. Read more
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