The Reproductive System
The female reproductive system consists of Ovaries, Oviducts, Uterus, Vagina, Vulva. The male reproductive system consists of Testes
ICSE Notes
Endocrine System
Multicellular organisms communicate with and control their various activities by means of two major systems the endocrine system and the nervous system
The Sense Organs
The sense organs enable us to be aware of the condition of the environment. The two eyes are located in deep sockets called orbits. The upper and lower moveable eyelids protect the front surface of the eyes.
The Nervous System
The human brain is well protected inside the cranium or the skull. In adults, it weighs about 1.35 kg. It is protected by three meninges—dura mater, arachnoid and pia mater.
The Excretory System
The filtrate left after reabsorption and tubular secretion is called urine. The urine passes from the collecting duct to the pelvis of the kidneys. From there, it is sent to the urinary bladder through the ureters.
The Circulatory System
Blood is a never-stationary fluid and it is always in motion from the heart to the arteries and back through the veins.
Chemical Coordination in Plants
Abscisic acid Acts as a growth inhibitor, Promotes dormancy in seeds and buds, Promotes closing of stomata, Promotes wilting and falling of leaves
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a physiological process by which plant cells containing chlorophyll produce food in the form of carbohydrates by using carbon dioxide, water and light energy. Oxygen is released as a by-product.
Transpiration
Transpiration is the loss of water in the form of water vapour through stomata. It is a partially physical and vital process controlled by various internal and external factors
Absorption by roots
Osmosis is a special type of diffusion which involves the movement of water molecules from the region of high concentration to the region of low concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.