Lucknow Pact
the signing of the Lucknow Pact between the Congress and the Muslim League, the establishment of the Home Rule League Movement and the August Declaration.
ICSE Notes
The First War of Independence, 1857
The revolt of 1857 shook the foundations of the British rule in India. The revolt took place because of numerous reasons.
Prime Minister and Council of Ministers
India has a parliamentary form of government in which the Prime Minister is the real head of the country. The President is the nominal head who acts on the advice of the Prime Minister.
Non-Aligned Movement
The Non-Aligned Movement emerged after the Second World War. After the Second World War, the world was divided into two blocs—the capitalist bloc led by USA and the socialist bloc led by USSR.
The United Nations
The United Nations was formed after the end of the Second World War. The world leaders felt the necessity to establish an organisation which would be more powerful than the League of Nations.
The First World War
The First World War which began in 1914 was different from all the other previous wars. It was fought by several nations and affected almost all countries. New methods of defence and destruction were used in it. Because of the extent of the spread of the war, damages caused by it and the total impact of the war was till now unprecedented in history, it came to be known as the First World War.
Quit India Movement
Congress had formed ministries in the United Provinces, Central Provinces, Odisha, Bihar, Chennai and Mumbai. Later, it also formed governments in the Assam and Northwest Frontier Provinces.
The Muslim League
The Hindus and the Muslims had peacefully coexisted in the country since centuries. They respected the culture and traditions of each other. The Hindus and the Muslims had fought together against the British during the revolt of 1857. The British thus followed the policy of ‘Divide and Rule’ and tried to sow the seeds of discord between the two communities to put a check on the rising tide of nationalism in the country. The British termed the Revolt as an effort by the Hindus to establish Hindu rule in India and instigated the Muslims to establish their own political organisation. This was one of the reasons which led to the formation of the Muslim League in India.
Programmes and Achievements of the Early Nationalists
The Indian National Congress from its inception in 1885 to 1905 was dominated by the early nationalists. These early nationalists were eminent personalities. They were lawyers, barristers, teachers and officials. Because many of them were educated in England, they believed in the British sense of justice and fair play. They were however ignorant of the actual conditions of people in India.
Programmes and Achievements of the Early Nationalists Read More »
The High Courts and Subordinate Courts
The Constitution of India has provided for a High Court for each state. However, there may be one High Court for two states or union territories. This depends on the area and the population of the state or a union territory.