Poverty is the inability to secure the minimum human needs of food, clothing, housing, education, and health. When a person is unable to fulfil these basic needs, it leads to pain and distress. In this post, you are going to read about Poverty in India.
Following are the main features of poverty in India:
Features of Poverty in India
- Variations: In the mid-seventies, the poverty ratio (which was more than 50%) got reduced to 22% by the end.
- Trend: There has been a secular decline in the poverty ratio. Because of the increase in population, the number of poor people remained stable for a long period of time.
- Interstate variations: More than 90% of India’s poor are living in Bihar, Odisha, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh. Gujarat, Kerala, Haryana, Goa and Punjab have a low poverty ratio.
- Vulnerable groups: Among the economic groups, the most vulnerable groups are the rural agricultural labour households and the urban casual labour households. On the other hand, among the social groups, the most vulnerable groups are scheduled castes and scheduled tribes.
- Inequality of income within a family: Women, female infants and elder people suffer more than other members of the family. They are the poorest of the poor.
- Rural and urban poverty: Nearly 75% of the poor people live in rural areas. Many poor people from rural areas migrate to urban areas in search of jobs. However, the industrial and service sectors cannot provide sufficient jobs to these poor people.
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